Therefore the responsible authorities should provide timely and reliable flood warning, flood. Lead teacher anil sarna asked his local year 5 and year 6 pupils to see if they could work out what causes flooding, testing what they learnt using a series of experiments. This paper documents the history of flood damages in ontario. Impacts of flood disaster in agege local government area lagos, nigeria. In nigeria, the pattern is similar with the rest of world. Riverine flooding coastal flooding shallow flooding floods and floodplain management 15.
Urban slums are facing increased challenges of flooding scenarios that hinder their development. The great floods of 2010 in pakistan would not have caused so much destruction if the steps explained here had been taken. The following is a list of some of the human causes of floods. The peak discharge of a flood is influenced by many factors, including the intensity and. There are different types of floodplains and they are based on they type of flooding that forms them. Well, in the aftermath of the floods, teachers at hebden bridge school invited local kids to find out causes of floods. Mumbai as mentioned before is the financial capital of india, these floods cause huge heavy damages to indian economy along with these they also cause a huge loss of life property and cattle, giving rise to diseases and emotional disturbances for those who survived. Lowlying areas are subject to periodic severe flooding. The apocalypse of three great floods the outer hebrides are a stormtossed archipelago some 30 to 40 miles off the northwest of scotland. Bangladesh has a history of venerability of heavy flooding under its belt and all floods happen for a reason. A flood is a body of water that covers land which is normally dry. Flood waters also strip the ground of needed nutrients. Flooding has been seen as a process that has been seeking urgent attention from the government in these areas studied.
Coastal areas are also at risk from sea flooding, when storms and big waves bring seawater onto the land. Pdf causes and consequences of flooding in nigeria. Due to the key role that climate, and particularly climate change and variability, plays in the development of flood disasters, it is important to understand the changes in climate over the country and especially over western kenya where flooding causes. Floods cause about one third of all deaths, one third of all injuries and one third of all damage from natural disasters askew, 1999. Its effectiveness depends on the level of preparedness and correct response. The rules and regulation of grazing rights, privileges, and concessions for forest produce, minor timber etc, are generous and vary from state to state. The flood control and irrigation experts in each province should visit the areas most exposed to floods and should take necessary measures for controlling future floods. Floods are major disasters affecting many countries of the world annually especially in most flood plain areas. Floods occur most commonly when water from heavy rainfall, from melting ice and snow, or from a combination of these exceeds the carrying capacity of the river system, lake, or the like into which it runs.
Chapter 2 types of floods and floodplains fema training. Find out what to do before, during, and after a flood. Flooding in various parts of nigeria have forced millions of people from their homes, destroyed businesses, polluted. You can take steps to reduce the harm caused by flooding. Make a family emergency plan, so that everyone knows what to do, and where to go in case of an emergency. September 24, 2008 the cause and effect of floods floods are caused by many things. It is a cause for concern that the flood related damages are showing an increasing trend. Best practices on flood prevention, protection and mitigation 3 flood forecasting and warning is a prerequisite for successful mitigation of flood damage.
Flash floods can roll boulders, tear out trees, destroy buildings and bridges, and scour out new channels. Floods causes effects and prevention stormguard flood plan. Many times it rains too much, other times a dam breaks. Flooding happens in many ways due to overflow of streams, rivers, lakes or oceans or as a result of excessive rain. It is the worlds largest humanitarian organization and its millions of volunteers are active in over 185 countries. The apocalypse of the three great floods alastair mcintosh. Located in south asia, the bangladesh flood resulted in devastating damage, sweeping over the entire country. Flash floods often come from intense storms and the overflowing of small rivers and creeks. Floods, big or small, can have devastating effects on your home and your family. The simplest explanation for flooding is heavy rains. Floods are recurrent phenomenon, which cause huge loss of lives and damage to livelihood system, property, infrastructure and public utilities. Effects of urban development on floods hydrologic effects of urban development streams are fed by runoff from rainfall and snowmelt moving as overland or subsurface flow. Floods 23 august 2006 the federations mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity.
And second, even countries like the usa and the uk get floods that cause huge losses to life and. I regularly go back on holidays, business or to see old friends and family. If you thought that floods are natural disasters that happened only in poorer continents like africa and asia, then you are wrong. The average annual flood damage during the last 10 years 19962005 was rs. The european floods directive and opportunities offered by land. Planning for a flood will also help prepare you for many other. The bangladesh flood spread for over 3 months julyaugust, 1988 and was described as the worst flood of the century. Floods causes and effects of flooding flood protection. They can cover an area with just a few inches of water or they can bring enough water to cover the roof of a house. Flash floods can lead to larger floods, but these are shortterm, localized flood events. There are several human causes of flooding, including poorly designed infrastructure. Deep snow, icecovered rivers, and weak dams are all strong conditions for potential flooding. Floods impact on both individuals and communities, and have social, economic, and environmental consequences.
Flood plains are the portions of river valleys that have been inundated by the river during historic floods. Soybeans, corn, rice, and cotton are planted in the mississippi river area in the spring when flooding occurs. Get an emergency kit, so that you and your family can be selfsufficient for at least 72 hours during a flood. Whenever flooding takes place, there is the possibility of loss of life, hardship to people, and extensive damage to property. Higher energy storm events with near tropical rainfall intensities producing pluvial surface water flooding and flash floods. Floods often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are located in natural flood plains of rivers tinh and hang, 2003. The worst cases of flooding may occur if there is a combination of storms, spring tides and low atmospheric pressure. The consequences of floods, both negative and positive, vary greatly depending on the location and extent of flooding, and the vulnerability and value of the natural and constructed environments they. The main causes of floods in jalpaiguri district over the past decades are 6. Hopefully, this knowledge of why floods happen can help us reduce the damage they cause. Floods are caused by many factors or a combination of any of these. Floods in the who european region world health organization.
The effects of flood on man cannot be overemphasized because it cut across all spheres of mans life. You will not always have a warning that these deadly, sudden floods are coming. That increases costs to farmers but provides a benefit to fertilizer companies. Floods are common natural disasters that can affect millions of people around the world. A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. The danger of damaging flood waters is also ever present in the river catchment areas of central europe, and cannot be absolutely ruled out, even by. The cause and effects of floods cause and effect essay. Although flooding is a natural phenomenon caused by antecedents such as melting of icebergs, hurricanes, overfilling of the major rivers, many other flood types are humancaused. I grew up on one of its islands, known as lewis in the north and harris in the south, in the sixties and seventies. This indicator examines changes in the size and frequency of inland river flood events in the united.
Heavy rainfall at river sources unusually heavy weather at the source of a river can lead to vast amounts of water draining into the water table. Floods can also occur in rivers when the flow rate exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders in the waterway. Essay on causes and effects of flood the college study. They are often caused by rivers, but overflowing lakes and seas can also cause flooding. June 2019 click for important translation instructions. Increased flooding events in informal urban settlements can be. Impacts of flood disaster in agege local government area. Here are eight of the most common causes of flooding, both natural and humaninduced. They destroy houses and buildings, and carry soil away from valuable farming land. A flood is an overflow of water onto land that is normally dry. Learn how to prepare for a flood, stay safe during a flood, and protect your health when you return home after a flood.
Pdf anthropogenic factors that cause floods in mukuru. Increased flooding events in informal urban settlements can be attributed to humankind alteration of the environment. Floods occur when large volumes of runoff flow quickly into streams and rivers. Floods often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are in the natural flood plains of rivers. While there are naturally caused floods that would have occurred from time to time that natural systems could mostly handle, our development of a lot of the worlds landscape and our consumptive lifestyles have led to an increase in floods. Floods also cause food prices to spike, depending on how fast the flood waters recede. Once a river reaches flood stage, the flood severity categories used by the nws include minor flooding, moderate flooding, and major flooding. The causes of flooding as well as the effects are adverse and the causes of flooding can be attributed to mans activities on land and natural conditions. In simple terms, flood can be defined as an overflow of large quantities of water onto a normally dry land. Usually the combined flow of several waterswollen tributaries causes flooding. Most floods fall into one of three major categories.
Floods can also contaminate drinking water and lead to diseases. Rapidly rising water can reach heights of 30 feet or more. View a machinetranslated version of the malayalam article. The causes of flooding are varied, but the effects of most causes can be managed if not prevented.
More than 800 of these localities nationwide have adopted flash flood. Flash floods occur within a few minutes or hours of excessive rainfall, a dam or levee failure, or a sudden release of water held by an ice jam. Evaluation of the impact of floods and associated protection policies final report. Since many people are focused primarily on ice and snow this time of year, this is the time to remind customers to think about their winter flood risk.
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